S&P 500 company lists are changing over time by an S&P Dow Jones Indices committee. They review company eligibility and make adjustments, such as adding or removing companies, based on their market capitalization, liquidity, and sector representation. The index is weighted by market cap, meaning larger companies significantly influence its performance.
The S&P 500's 11 sectors are based on the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS). We can invest in the S&P 500 through ETFs or mutual funds. Typically, mutual funds have low management fees but more taxable activities. Therefore, mutual funds is ideal for tax-free retirement account like Roth IRA. CSPX, as an international ETF, has restrictions and tax implications for US citizens. Therefore, top choices include ETF IVV, ETF VOO, and Mutual Fund FXAIX.
Over the past 30 years (1995 – 2025), the S&P 500 has delivered an average annual return of approximately 10%-11%, including dividends. This long-term growth underscores its reputation as a reliable wealth-building vehicle.
In summary, the S&P 500 is more than just a stock market index; it’s a mirror of the U.S. economy and a powerful tool for investors to build long-term wealth. By understanding its sectors, investing options, and tax implications, you can make informed decisions to grow your portfolio. Over its history, the S&P 500 has proven its resilience, making it a cornerstone of smart investing strategies.